| Complement | Abbreviation | How to Identify it | Pronominalization (The Trick) | | :--- | :---: | :--- | :--- | | | CD | Answers "What?" or "Who?" regarding the verb. | Replace with LO, LA, LOS, LAS . | | Indirect Object | CI | Answers "To whom?" Usually introduced by "a" or "para". | Replace with LE, LES . | | Attribute | Atrib | Only with ser/estar/parecer . Refers back to the Subject. | Replace with LO . ( Ellos son eso = Lo son ). | | Circumstantial | CC | Time, Place, Manner, Cause. Usually an SAdv or SPrep. | Cannot be replaced by specific pronouns (mostly). | | Prep. Regime | CReg | Verbs that REQUIRE a specific preposition ( arrepentirse de, consistir en ). | Cannot be removed or replaced easily. | | Pred. Complement | CPred | An adjective/SPrep that refers to the Subject or CD , not the verb. | La niña salió contenta. (Contenta describes the girl, not how she left). |
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